Spontaneous vs. posed facial behavior: automatic analysis of brow actions
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Foundations of human computing: facial expression and emotion
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Human computing and machine understanding of human behavior: a survey
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
A survey of affect recognition methods: audio, visual and spontaneous expressions
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Human-Centred Intelligent Human Computer Interaction (HCI²): how far are we from attaining it?
International Journal of Autonomous and Adaptive Communications Systems
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Facial expression recognition based on Local Binary Patterns: A comprehensive study
Image and Vision Computing
Social signal processing: Survey of an emerging domain
Image and Vision Computing
Probabilistic semantic classifier
SMO'09 Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Simulation, modelling and optimization
Automatic temporal segment detection and affect recognition from face and body display
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on human computing
Tracking by parts: a Bayesian approach with component collaboration
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
Overview of automatic facial expressions analysis
VIIP '07 The Seventh IASTED International Conference on Visualization, Imaging and Image Processing
Applying Affect Recognition in Serious Games: The PlayMancer Project
MIG '09 Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Motion in Games
Real-time 2D+3D facial action and expression recognition
Pattern Recognition
Modelling human perception of static facial expressions
Image and Vision Computing
Analyzing facial expression by fusing manifolds
ACCV'07 Proceedings of the 8th Asian conference on Computer vision - Volume Part II
Facial expression recognition using two-class discriminant features
BioID_MultiComm'09 Proceedings of the 2009 joint COST 2101 and 2102 international conference on Biometric ID management and multimodal communication
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on gait analysis
Implicit image tagging via facial information
Proceedings of the 2nd international workshop on Social signal processing
Emotion recognition from arbitrary view facial images
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Computer vision: Part VI
Foundations of human computing: facial expression and emotion
ICMI'06/IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the ICMI 2006 and IJCAI 2007 international conference on Artifical intelligence for human computing
Human computing and machine understanding of human behavior: a survey
ICMI'06/IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the ICMI 2006 and IJCAI 2007 international conference on Artifical intelligence for human computing
Audio-visual spontaneous emotion recognition
ICMI'06/IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the ICMI 2006 and IJCAI 2007 international conference on Artifical intelligence for human computing
Trajectory-based representation of human actions
ICMI'06/IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the ICMI 2006 and IJCAI 2007 international conference on Artifical intelligence for human computing
Comparing feature-based metrics for facial dynamics analysis
Proceedings of the SSPNET 2nd International Symposium on Facial Analysis and Animation
Local binary patterns for multi-view facial expression recognition
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Front view vs. side view of facial and postural expressions of emotions in a virtual character
Transactions on edutainment VI
Fast-FACS: a computer-assisted system to increase speed and reliability of manual FACS coding
ACII'11 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Affective computing and intelligent interaction - Volume Part I
Analysis of landmarks in recognition of face expressions
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Investigating the dynamics of facial expression
ISVC'06 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Advances in Visual Computing - Volume Part II
Ambient Intelligence in Everyday Life
Tune in to your emotions: a robust personalized affective music player
User Modeling and User-Adapted Interaction
Lip pattern in the interpretation of human emotions
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Soft Computing
Recognition of 3D facial expression dynamics
Image and Vision Computing
Facial expression recognition using geometric and appearance features
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Internet Multimedia Computing and Service
Fusion of feature sets and classifiers for facial expression recognition
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Facial expression recognition using tracked facial actions: Classifier performance analysis
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Kernel conditional ordinal random fields for temporal segmentation of facial action units
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Visualization of time-series data in parameter space for understanding facial dynamics
EuroVis'11 Proceedings of the 13th Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
Spatiotemporal features for effective facial expression recognition
ECCV'10 Proceedings of the 11th European conference on Trends and Topics in Computer Vision - Volume Part I
A dynamic approach for detecting naturalistic affective states from facial videos during HCI
AI'12 Proceedings of the 25th Australasian joint conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Image and Vision Computing
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
Framework for reliable, real-time facial expression recognition for low resolution images
Pattern Recognition Letters
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international workshop on Audio/visual emotion challenge
Facial expression recognition in dynamic sequences: An integrated approach
Pattern Recognition
Ant Colony Estimator: An intelligent particle filter based on ACOR
Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Dynamic facial expression analysis based on extended spatio-temporal histogram of oriented gradients
International Journal of Biometrics
Knowledge Elicitation Methods for Affect Modelling in Education
International Journal of Artificial Intelligence in Education
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Automatic analysis of human facial expression is a challenging problem with many applications. Most of the existing automated systems for facial expression analysis attempt to recognize a few prototypic emotional expressions, such as anger and happiness. Instead of representing another approach to machine analysis of prototypic facial expressions of emotion, the method presented in this paper attempts to handle a large range of human facial behavior by recognizing facial muscle actions that produce expressions. Virtually all of the existing vision systems for facial muscle action detection deal only with frontal-view face images and cannot handle temporal dynamics of facial actions. In this paper, we present a system for automatic recognition of facial action units (AUs) and their temporal models from long, profile-view face image sequences. We exploit particle filtering to track 15 facial points in an input face-profile sequence, and we introduce facial-action-dynamics recognition from continuous video input using temporal rules. The algorithm performs both automatic segmentation of an input video into facial expressions pictured and recognition of temporal segments (i.e., onset, apex, offset) of 27 AUs occurring alone or in a combination in the input face-profile video. A recognition rate of 87% is achieved.