A multi-port current source model for multiple-input switching effects in CMOS library cells

  • Authors:
  • Chirayu Amin;Chandramouli Kashyap;Noel Menezes;Kip Killpack;Eli Chiprout

  • Affiliations:
  • Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR;Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR;Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR;Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR;Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the 43rd annual Design Automation Conference
  • Year:
  • 2006

Quantified Score

Hi-index 0.00

Visualization

Abstract

The problem of multiple-input switching (MIS) has been mostly ignored by the timing CAD community. Not modeling MIS for timing can result in as much as 100% error in stage delay and slew calculation. The impact is especially severe on stages immediately after a bank of flops, where the inputs have a high probability of arriving simultaneously. Other problems such as modeling of interconnect loads, complex (nonlinear/non-monotonic) input waveforms, power-droop impact on cell delay, nonlinear input capacitances, delay variations due to cross-capacitance, etc. are also known sources of error. In this paper, we introduce the multi-port current source model (MCSM). MCSM can efficiently handle an arbitrary number of simultaneously switching inputs, including single-input switching (SIS). Moreover, MCSM is comprehensive in that other modeling problems associated with delay and noise computation are elegantly covered. We demonstrate the applicability of MCSM on a large 65 nm industrial test-case. For cells experiencing MIS, the model yields delay and slew-rate errors within ±5% for 88.3% and 93.0% of the cases, respectively. We also present data that show that MCSM is an effective receiver model which captures active loading effects without incurring significant additional error. MCSM makes combined cell-level timing, noise, and power analysis a possibility.