An Introduction to 3-D User Interface Design

  • Authors:
  • Doug A. Bowman;Ernst Kruijff;Joseph J. LaViola;Ivan Poupyrev

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University bowman@vt.edu;InfAR-computer science in architecture Bauhaus Universitaet Weimar ernst.kruijff@archit.uni-weimar.de;Computer Science Department Brown University jjl@cs.brown.edu;Sony Computer Science Lab Tokyo, Japan poup@csl.sony.co.jp

  • Venue:
  • Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
  • Year:
  • 2001

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Abstract

Three-dimensional user interface design is a critical component of any virtual environment (VE) application. In this paper, we present a broad overview of 3-D interaction and user interfaces. We discuss the effect of common VE hardware devices on user interaction, as well as interaction techniques for generic 3-D tasks and the use of traditional 2-D interaction styles in 3-D environments. We divide most user-interaction tasks into three categories: navigation, selection/manipulation, and system control. Throughout the paper, our focus is on presenting not only the available techniques but also practical guidelines for 3-D interaction design and widely held myths. Finally, we briefly discuss two approaches to 3-D interaction design and some example applications with complex 3-D interaction requirements. We also present an annotated online bibliography as a reference companion to this article.